EXERCISES, LESSON 3

INSTRUCTIONS:

Answer the following exercises by marking the lettered response that best answers the question or best completes the incomplete statement or by writing the answer in the space provided.

After you have completed all the exercises, turn to "Solutions to Exercises" at the end of the lesson and check your answers.

1. List four exposure factors that are essential for obtaining satisfactory radiographs.

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2. Where should film be stored?
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3. What is the emulsion on dental radiographic film?

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4. How can you identify dental x-ray films (intraoral films) for mounting purposes?

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5. What size periapical film is used for radiography of children's teeth?

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6. Why are intensifying screens used with extraoral film?

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7. The cassette is constructed of rigid metal, plastic, or cardboard and often contains
intensifying screens that:

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8. The panoramic film shows:

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9. The compartments of the dental processing tank are sectioned to contain the:

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10. What is the cycle duration time for an automatic processor to process the film?

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11. List the necessary conditions and equipment needed in a darkroom.

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12. A thermometer is used in the darkroom to:
 
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13. List the sequence to follow when processing film.
 
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14. What three factors may produce a processed film that is overexposed?
 
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15. A blurred image may be caused by:
 
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16. Failure to immerse the film completely in the developing solution, contact of the
film with another film during developing, and improper alignment of the central ray
are factors which cause a/an:
 
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17. List five factors that can cause fogged film.
 
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18. List the radiolucent landmarks seen on maxillary radiographs.
 
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19. List the radiopaque landmarks seen on maxillary radiographs.
 
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20. List the radiolucent landmarks seen on mandibular radiographs.
 
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21. List the radiopaque landmarks seen on mandibular radiographs.
 
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FOR EXERCISES 22 THROUGH 32. Read each statement carefully. Complete the statement with one of the terms or set of terms listed below:

22. For the __________________ procedure, the radiograph is mounted in a suitable frame and labeled for proper identification.

23. Precise methods in the ___________________ of the x-ray films are as important in attaining good results as is the use of precise exposure technique.

24. Since x-ray films are more sensitive to light than most photographic films, it is important to have a good ______________________ for processing the film.

25. During the first state of ______________, unexposed silver crystals are removed from the film, thereby clearing the film and making the image translucent.

26. An average time for the film to remain in a fresh fixing solution is ____________.

27. Upon completion of fixation, the film should be immersed in fresh, cool, circulating water at least _________________ minutes to ensure complete removal of the fixing solution.

28. A _____________________ may be caused by improper angulation of the central ray due to bending of the film packet.

29. _________________________ may be caused by dirty solutions, dirty film holders or hangers, or incomplete washing.

30. When a film is positioned backwards, the embossing pattern from the backing appears on the radiograph, producing a __________________________.

31. When ____________________ occurs, the finished film has a netlike or puckered appearance resulting from swelling of the film's gelatin.

32. Film ___________________________are designed so that the film may be arranged in the same order as the teeth in the mouth.